The urban-rural divide in developing countries such as India often finds focus in every economic analysis. This paper aims to find the existing gap and to suggest an action plan to reduce the gap identified therein. With an aim to find a good leader in furtherance the group performance operating in rural areas, a multi-plant location model is tested taking its weighted assessment method on assumptions that the unorganized sector is devoid of accessing any scientific model for its growth and sustenance.
Brown And Gibson Model Pdf
Even if the number statistics are almost the same but if we see the no of members incurring profit or loss, it tells the whole story. During the 2nd (the year 2017, 2018) leader most members were incurring profit but it is just the reverse during the first leader (the year 2015, 2016). The model is more productive in the case of the second leader than the first leader.
Community engagement was considered critical in the pre-implementation and planning stage to inform the design of an intervention and for sustainability. Involving communities in the design and implementation of interventions assists in ensuring that their particular health concerns are addressed in a culturally sensitive manner [47]. Sufficient workforce resourcing was also found to be crucial for successful intervention implementation, particularly where interventions relied on the capacity of an already overburdened workforce. In Australia, the largest proportion of the medical workforce is practicing in urban areas which has resulted in shortages in regional, rural and remote areas [48]. This indicates the need for innovative models of delivery to achieve adequate staffing in geographically isolated areas, as well as improved workforce incentives which may be beyond the scope of what an intervention can achieve.
Another feature identified in this systematic review was the degree to which PHC interventions could influence drivers for change. It appeared that drivers for change could be directly influenced through the design and implementation of an intervention in only certain circumstances. For example, the decision to employ an IHW is completely within the control of the intervention. Conversely, it is unlikely that any design feature could directly influence government funding models. This suggests that the work of an intervention would be better served by focusing on those drivers for change over which they had at least some influence.
In reviewing the extant literature, we note most country-specific PHEP frameworks were developed in the United States (US) and have unclear relevance to other settings with substantially different health systems and governance structures [16, 22, 23]. Outside the US, the European Centres for Disease Control has adapted a US model [19, 24] in considering core competencies for cross-border threats across the European Union [20, 25]. Globally, there are a number of frameworks and initiatives that have relevance to PHEP and DRR [26,27,28]. The World Health Organization (WHO) framework to inform emergency preparedness is based on consultation with global stakeholders and lessons learned [28]. The framework is designed to be relevant to health systems globally and emphasizes national, subnational and local connections. The United Nations Sendai Framework for DRR has four key priorities and takes a whole-of-society approach [27]. It expands on its predecessor, the Hyogo Framework, with specific reference to the health impacts of disasters and reducing risks. These frameworks highlight the importance of national action and global collaboration to improve health system preparedness and reduce disaster risks; however, empirically-derived and contextually-relevant evidence to inform public health actions for local/regional public health agencies remains a knowledge gap.
This study is part of a two-phase project that aims to advance performance measurement for public health emergency preparedness (Additional file 1) [45]. The overall project approach is an exploratory, sequential, mixed methods model to inform the development of indicators for PHEP (Additional file 2). The two-phase project is based in Canada and this paper reports findings from phase 1, corresponding with the first objective stated above. Several papers are planned from the overarching project.
Staples, R.D., Gibson, H.D., Colpron, M. and Ryan, J. 2016. An orogenic wedge model for diachronous deformation, metamorphism, and exhumation in the hinterland of the northern Canadian Cordillera. Lithosphere. v. 8, no. 2, p. 165-184. DOI: 10.1130/L472.1 PDF 2ff7e9595c
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